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- MEKA - Technical Document (for those who cares about technical stuff)
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-
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- SUMMARY
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- 1. Master System quick specifications
- 2. How to build an adapter to connect SMS Joypads to your PC
- 3. How to build an adapter to connect 3-D Glasses to your PC
- 4. More ?
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-
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- 1. Master System & Game Gear quick specifications
- by Omar Cornut
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- Mainly intended for webmasters who would like to put some infos about the
- systems. If you want to know way more about them, check out S8-Dev at the
- following address: http://www.smspower.org/dev
-
- CPU: Zilog Z80 at 3.58 mhz (3.579545 hz to be exact).
-
- RAM: 64 kbits (= 8 kbytes)
-
- Save RAM: on certain cartridges only (mostly role playing games).
- usually one or two banks of 128 kbits each (= 16 kbytes).
-
- Video RAM: 128 kbits (= 16 kbytes)
-
- Colours: 32 (16*2) on-screen, choosed from a palette of 64 on the
- Master System and 512 on the Game Gear.
-
- Resolution: 256x224 pixels. In video modes used by the very most games,
- only the top 256x192 pixels or the top right 248x192 pixels
- are shown on the screen. On the Game Gear, a 160x144 pixels
- centered area is always shown.
-
- Characters: 8x8 pixels, using one of the two 16 colors palette. Up to
- 512 characters can be stored in VRAM but usually only 448
- are used because there will be not enough room to store
- actual screen and sprite tables.
-
- Sprites: maximum of 64 sprites on-screen, 8 per lines. Sized of 8x8
- or 8x16 pixels, using one of the two 16 colors palette (the
- same for all sprites). may be masked by foreground tiles.
-
- Scrolling: hard scrolling, vertical and horizontal, line per line. the
- scrolling can be ignored for the upper 16 pixels (used in
- many games for the status bar) and for the 64 right pixels
- (used in Gauntlet and Golvellius in vertical stages).
-
- Audio: three tone channels with 1024 different frequencies and one
- noise (sound) channel. 16 different volume step for each.
-
- optional YM-2413 FM chipset on Japanese systems: 9 channels
- (or 6 + 3 drums), 15+1 instruments, hardware vibrato and
- amplitude modulation.
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-
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- 2. How to build an adapter to connect SMS Joypads (DB-9) to your PC
- (via the Parallel Port)
- Comments by Mike Gordon.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Note
- ----
- This is a copy based on the schematic available on the now defunct
- DirectPad Pro site. I'm not sure who is the original author of this
- schematic, but it is very simple and the common nature of the adapter
- make it somewhat public domain knowledge.
-
- D-Connector Pinouts
- -------------------
-
- Pinouts are shown looking into the holes of the connector itself.
- _____________
- \ 5 4 3 2 1 / A DB-9 Connector (see also
- \ 9 8 7 6 / Chapter 3 for detailed informations)
- ~~~~~~~~~
- DB-9 SMS Joypad plug (female)
- __________________________________________
- \ 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 /
- \ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 /
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- DB-25 Parallel connector on PC (female)
-
-
- DB-9 joypads (and more generally, inputs peripherals) were of common
- usage on Sega Master System, Megadrive, but also Atari and Amiga.
-
- Legend
- ------
- Resistor: --vvvvv--
-
- Circuit
- -------
-
- PARALLEL PORT (DB-25) SMS PAD (DB-9)
-
- DB25:1 <-----------------------------------> DB-9:1 (Up)
-
- DB25:2 <------vvvvvvvvv---+----------------> DB-9:6 (Button 1)
- 10K |
- DB25:11 <------------------+
-
- DB25:3 <------vvvvvvvvv---+----------------> DB-9:9 (Button 2)
- 10K |
- DB25:12 <------------------+
-
- DB25:14 <-----------------------------------> DB-9:2 (Down)
- DB25:16 <-----------------------------------> DB-9:3 (Left)
- DB25:17 <-----------------------------------> DB-9:4 (Right)
-
- DB25:18 <------------------+----------------> DB-9:8 (Ground)
- |
- DB25:19 <------------------+
-
- * You need a 25-pin male D-plug (DB-25) for the parallel port connection (to
- fit the female parallel port socket), and a 9-pin male D-plug (DB-9) for
- the SMS joypad connection (to fit the female joypad plug). The pin numbers
- should be marked on the plug itself.
-
- * The type of resistor used (metal film, carbon etc.) is not important. The
- resistors can be soldered directly to the DB-25 connector, i.e. connect one
- resistor between pin 3 and pin 12, another between pin 2 and pin 11. (And
- a wire link, between pins 18 and 19.)
-
- The resistor value (10K) is indicated by coloured bands on the body of the
- resistor, as follows, from left to right:
-
- Either: Brown Black Orange (gap) Brown or Gold
- or: Brown Black Black Red (gap) Brown or Gold
-
- * Use shielded cable, and use the outer shield of the cable for the Ground
- connection. Try and keep the cable as short as possible.
-
-
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- 3. How to build an adapter to connect 3-D Glasses to your PC
- (via the COM Port)
- by Unknown (long time ago). comments by Frank and Mike Gordon.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Note
- ----
- As of yet, MEKA supports 3-D Glasses only in pure DOS mode.
- This is due to a yet unknown bug.
- Do not bother building the adapter if you can't boot in DOS or you
- are not familiar with it.
-
- Legend
- ------
- Diode: --|>|--
-
- Resistor: --vvvvv--
-
- |
- Capacitor: ---
- ---
- |
-
- Circuit
- -------
-
- RS-232
- DB25 / DB9
- 10K
- RTS 4 7 Switching signal +/- 10V --------vvvvv--+
- |
- |
- GND 7 5 Ground ----+-------------+--+---------+--|----+
- | | | | | |
- | | +-|>|--+ | | |
- +--|>|--+ --- | | | | Transistor
- | --- 22 uF | | | | 2N2222
- | | | | | +-+---------+
- | | | | | | Emitter |
- | | | | | | |
- DTR 20 4 Vdd +10V --|>|-----+-----+ +--|--+--+ Base |
- | | | |
- +--+--+--+-+-vvvvv---+--|-----+ Collector |
- | | | | 10K | | | |
- | | | | | | +-----------+
- +-------+--+--+--+-----------+--+--+
- | 1 9 13 14 5 7 |
- | |
- | RCA CD 4030 Quad XOR gate |
- | |
- | 2 11 12 3 6 8 10 4 |
- +-+--+---+-------+--+--+----+---+--+
- | | | | | | | |
- +--+ | +--+--+ | +--- Outside of jack
- | | | |
- | +-vvvvv-+ | +------- Middle of jack
- | 22K | |
- | | +------------ Centre of jack
- +-vvvvv-----+ |
- 22K | |
- --- |
- .01 uF --- |
- | |
- +-----+
-
- [FRANK]
-
- This is my best attempt at a rendition of the circuit which connects my
- SEGA glasses to my AT. I didn't design the circuit -- I'm a software
- rather than hardware person. In fact I barely understand it -- as far as
- I can tell, the .01uF capacitor & the 22K resistors act as a delay. The
- outputs of the XOR gates feed back into their own inputs, thus producing
- an oscillator. The "jack" mentioned in the diagram is the mini-jack
- which is connected as standard to the glasses. "Centre", "middle", and
- "outside" relate to the external connections, looking at the thing
- end-on.
-
- Caveat emptor... to paraphrase the standard software licence agreement:
- It's as good as I can get it. If it doesn't work or blows up your
- computer or your glasses and blinds you for life, I'll give you back all
- the money you paid me.
-
- [MIKE GORDON]
-
- As far as I can see, the oscillator circuit is used to provide an AC supply
- to power the glasses. The switching signal (+ or - 10 volts) applied to the
- base of the transistor produces a high or low output on the collector, which
- presumably is used to switch between left and right frames.
-
- When building the adapter:
-
- * Use a CMOS series 4030B (or 4070B, which is functionally equivalent). Do
- not use a 74HC series chip.
-
- Chip pin numbering:
-
- 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
- +-------------------+
- | |
- | 4070B < - notch
- | |
- +-------------------+
- 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
-
-
- * Use 1N4148 (or equivalent) signal diodes. The positive end is marked by a
- black band around the component.
-
- Negative - --|>|-- + Positive
-
-
- * The resistors should ideally be metal film types (blue-coloured body).
- The value is indicated by coloured bands, as follows, from left to right:
-
- 22K - Red Red Orange (gap) Brown or Gold
- OR - Red Red Black Red (gap) Brown or Gold
-
- 10K - Brown Black Orange (gap) Brown or Gold
- OR - Brown Black Black Red (gap) Brown or Gold
-
-
- * The .01 uF (10 nF) capacitor should be a ceramic disc type, while the 22uF
- capacitor should be an electrolytic type.
-
-
- * For the 2N2222A transistor (looking at it from below, with the pins towards
- you) :
-
-
- o - Base
-
-
- Emitter - o o - Collector
-
-
- Metal tab - /_/
-
-
- * The serial port is a 9-pin D-type male connector, so you need a 9-pin
- female D plug for the adapter. Looking into the serial port itself, this
- is the pin configuration:
-
- 1 2 3 4 5
- -------------
- \ o o o o o /
- \ o o o o /
- ---------
- 6 7 8 9
-
-
- * Finally, the 3-D glasses jack is a 3.5mm stereo phone socket, i.e. the
- Walkman type.
-
- Good luck building the adapter, and enjoy!
-
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-
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- 4. More ?
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- If you feel you have something interesting to contribute to this
- document, you can have it posted by e-mailing me (omar @ cornut.fr).
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-